All about cervical cancer screenings
Cervical cancer is cancer that starts in the cells of the cervix. For people with a cervix, cervical cancer screening is critical.
The goal of cervical cancer screenings is to find precancerous cell changes in the cervix. Cervical cancer is easier to treat when it is found early.
There are three ways that doctors screen for cervical cancer. They are:
- Pap test. Also known as a pap smear or cervical cytology. This test collects cervical cells to check them for changes. Left untreated, these changes can lead to cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes these changes.
- HPV test. This test checks cells for infection with high-risk types of HPV. These put a person at risk for developing cervical cancer.
- HPV/Pap test. This test combines the above two tests. It checks for both cervical cell changes and HPV.
Cervical cancer screening guidance varies by age and group. Your provider can help you decide which choices are best for you.
The American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends screening with an HPV test at age 25. The HPV test should be repeated every 5 years.
The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidance is different:
Age 21-29 years
- Get first Pap test around age 21
- Repeat Pap test every 3 years
Age 30-65 years
One of the following:
- HPV test every 5 years
- HPV/Pap test every 5 years
- Pap test every 3 years
Older than age 65
Talk to your primary care provider to decide if screening should continue.
A different schedule may make sense, depending on your health history.
Another way to prevent cervical cancer is the HPV vaccine. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends it for people age 26 and younger. If you’re 26 or younger and haven’t had the vaccine, be sure to discuss it with your care provider.
Protection against disease is within reach. Schedule an appointment with a primary care provider. They’ll make sure you’re aware of strategies to help you stay well.
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This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.